现代管理的逻辑演进与范式转换

The Development of Modern Management Logic and its Paradigm Shift

纵观管理思想百年历程,如果说在第二次世界大战之前还可以明确做出阶段性划分的话,那么此后这种阶段性更替的特征已不太明显:一方面,管理的研究范围从内而外、由表及里,开始了全方位的延伸;另一方面,原有的一些管理理论依然在不断拓展。如今,管理学已成为一种多范式的"软科学",并表现出分散化与综合化研究并进的态势。总体来看,现代管理思想的演变逻辑主要表现为:管理价值观从"科学"到"人本"的转变,组织目标从效率到价值的转变,管理机制上集权与分权的平衡,组织涉及从职能分析法到流程管理的转变,管理过程中变革与稳定的平衡,以及从组织适应环境到二者的共同进化等。尽管当今管理存在着从现代向后现代转变的趋势,但二者都有各自使用的场合和情形。可以预期,未来管理思想发展的主调,依然是管理范式的多元并存和协同发展。

Management thought has appeared throughout the 100 years,and its developmental stage befor world warⅡ can be clarified,but after that the periodic change was not clear.For one thing,the management research was from the inside out,and stated its full extension.For another,some of the original management theory has still developed.Now,the management has become a paradigm of 'soft science',and shows a diversified and comprehensive characteristic.In general,the development logic of modern management thought,mainly shows the following features:change from the 'science'to the'people-oriented'management values,organizational goals from efficiency to the value,the balance of management mechanism between centralization and decentralization,change from the functional analysis method to process management,and etc..Although there exists the change from modern to post modern trend of present management,yet both have their respective occasions and situations.We can predict that the future development of management thoughts is still a multi-paradigm management of co-existence and development together.