录尚书事与蜀汉政局

Lu Shang Shu Shi System and the Political Situation of ShuHan Kingdom

创始于东汉章帝时的录尚书事制度,到汉魏之际逐渐成为曹操等权臣秉政专权的有力凭借;而与曹操具备相似政治优势的诸葛亮在蜀汉亦借任录尚书事,成为蜀汉政权事实上的权臣。刘备生前虽重视尚书台建设,使之与录尚书事构成互相制衡的局面,以维护日后刘禅的地位,但作为尚书令的法正、刘巴、李严等人均因各种原因未能对诸葛亮构成牵制,尚书台也被诸葛亮控制。诸葛亮去世后,先后继任录尚书事的蒋琬、费祎等人维持了尚书台从属于权臣势力的平衡局面,而后主则试图借助尚书台势力再次对抗诸葛系权臣。因此,可以认为录尚书事与尚书台的反复较量也贯穿了蜀汉政治史的全过程。

The Lu Shang Shu Shi system,originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty,was used as a way to control the power by Cao Cao and other powerful ministers.Similarly,Zhuge Liang also became the real powerful minister of ShuHan Kingdom due to Lu Shang Shu Shi system.Liu Bei had once tried to build the balance political situation and limited Zhuge Liang's power,thus maintained Liu Chan's dominant position.However,as the head of Shang Shu officials,Fa Zheng,Liu Ba and Li Yan could not achieve this purpose.After Zhuge Liang,Jiang Wan,Fei Yi and other ministers tried to keep the system but Liu Shan wanted to change it with Shang Shu officials'help.Therefore,the struggle between Lu Shang Shu Shi system and Shang Shu Officials went through the political history of ShuHan Kingdom.