西辽河流域地表地下复合生态需水研究

Study on ecological water requirement in Xiliao River basin

针对西辽河流域水资源开发利用强度大、地下水超采、平原河流断流等严重的生态问题,将河道生态流量与地下水位作为整体来考虑,系统地确定复合型生态需水。首先以河道为对象,计算了最小生态流量、适宜生态流量;其次,以河岸为对象,以地下水与河流补排关系和避免盐碱化为依据,以河道生态流量为边界条件,确定了支撑河道生态需水的生态地下水位。西辽河流域的地表地下复合生态需水指标由河道最小生态流量和适宜生态流量以及地下生态水位构成,可为流域水资源规划和管理、生态系统保护和恢复提供科学依据。

Aimed at the severe ecological problems such as large scale development of water resources , over-exploiting groundwater and cutting off of plain rivers in the Xiliao river basin , the paper consideredthe ecological flow and groundwater level of river as a whole , and systematically determined the compositeecological water requirement.Firs,t it calculated the minimum river flow and appropriate ecological flow ;secondly, taking bank of river as objective and ecological flow as confine condition ,according to the relationbetween replenishment and discharge and avoiding salinization , the paper determined the ecologicalgroundwater level that can support the ecological flow of rivers .The composite indexex of ecological waterrequirement are composed of minimum river flow, appropriate ecological flow and ecological level ofgroundwater,which can provide scientific reference for the plan and management of water resources , protectionand recovery of water ecosystem in that region .