不同成土材料重构效应研究

Research on different soil material reconstruction

陕西渭北澄城县农村空心化现象严重,废弃宅基地已成为重要的耕地后备资源。本研究主要针对废弃宅基地中存在的成土材料开展盆栽模拟试验,利用老墙土、宅基地表层土、碎瓦砾、客土、原状土及坑状粉煤灰5种材料进行混合搭配,形成9种不同构型,并通过种植玉米,研究玉米生长特征、生理特征、农艺性状和土壤化学特征,得出以下结论:(1)对比9种土体不同构型,各处理下玉米生育期平均株高大小次序表现为C2>C1>C7>C8>C3>C5>C4>C6>C9。综合对比分析,以客土和宅地基表层土作为上层耕作土,下层辅以原状土或者碎瓦砾和土壤混合土质,则有利于玉米植株的生长发育。(2)下层为原状土时,上层辅以客土或者宅基地表层土的土体构型对维持作物叶绿素相对含量具有积极的作用。(3)在9种处理下,以下层为原状土,玉米根系平均重量和单株茎秆平均重量表现最优;且以宅基地表层土与原状土混合后,玉米植株平均重量最高为414.0g,且较其他处理差异显著(P<0.05)。(4)在0~40cm土层,土壤有机质和全氮含量均随着土壤深度的增加而减小;且以宅基地表层土和原状土组合下土壤养分含量高且稳定。综合分析,宅基地表层土和原状土组合为空心村土地整治中成土材料最优的重构组合。

Shaanxi Weibei Chengcheng County rural hollowing out phenomenon is serious,the abandoned land has become an important reserve cultivated land resources.This research is mainly based on the soil material in the waste land to carry out the potted simulation test,soil,land use old wall surface,rubble,replace with out-soil,undisturbed soil and soil pit type 5kinds of materials to mix and match of fly ash,the formation of nine different configuration,and by planting corn,maize growth characteristic,physiological characteristics,agronomic traits and soil chemical characteristics,the following conclusions:(1)compared to 9kinds of different configuration of soil and maize growth period average plant height under the processing size of the order of C2>C1>C7>C8>C3>C5>C4>C6>C9.Comprehensive comparison and analysis,inorder to replace and topsoil as upper farming curtilage foundation soil,the lower with undisturbed soil or rubble and soil mixed soil,is conducive to the growth and development of maize plants.(2)the following for undisturbed soil layer,the upper with out-soil or homestead topsoil soil configurations to sustain their crop chlorophyll relative content has a positive effect;(3)under the 9kinds of processing,the following for undisturbed soil layer,corn root stalks the average weight per plant and average weight optimal performance;And in land surface soil and undisturbed soil mixture,maize plants the highest average weight is 414.0g,and the other deal with significant difference(P<0.05).(4)in 0~40cm soil layer,soil organic matter and total nitrogen content decreases with the increase of soil depth;And in the land surface soil and undisturbed soil under the soil nutrient content is high and stable.Comprehensive analysis of land surface soil and undisturbed soil into soil materials for the hollow village land regulation,the optimal combination of refactoring.