不同改良材料对废弃宅基地复垦土壤养分提升的影响

Effects of different modified materials on the nutrient enhancement of reclaimed soil in abandoned homestead

针对废弃宅基地复垦土壤结构性不良、养分等营养物质含量较低等问题,本文以熟化剂、有机肥、熟化剂+有机肥等作为改良材料,并采用小区试验,开展了不同改良材料对提升废弃宅基地复垦土壤养分的效应研究。通过种植3季作物后,采集土壤样品,分析土壤养分含量,结果发现:(1)施入改良材料后,土壤养分含量均有显著提升,土体养分含量随着土层深度的增加而递减;(2)在0~60cm范围内土壤养分变化显著,60~105cm范围内土壤养分变化差异不大;(3)从耕作层来看,全氮含量在处理间变化规律为TFC>TF>TC>TSF>TSC>TS>T0;有效磷含量的变化规律为TSF>TF>TS>TFC>TC>TSC>T0,土壤速效钾含量的变化规律为TSF>TF>TS>TFC>TSC>TC>T0、有机质含量变化为TF>TFC>TSF>TSC>TC>TS>T0。由此得出,通过有机肥与粉煤灰配合使用以及耕作种植等技术措施,能显著改善新增耕地土壤养分状况;尽管仅经过3个生育季表层土壤的培肥与改良,却能够获得0~60cm土层养分状况不同程度地提升效果,体现了作物根系对土壤养分空间分配与提升的作用。

In view of the problems such as low soil structure and nutrient content of nutrients and so on in abandoned house land,In this paper,we used the curing agent,organic fertilizer,curing agent+organic fertilizer as the improved material,and used the community test to study the effects of different materials on the quality of the soil.Through the planting of three crops,the collection of soil samples,analysied of soil nutrients,the results found:(1)After adding theimproved material,the soil nutrient content was significantly increased,and decreased with the depth of the soil.(2)The soil nutrient content of the soil layer was increased,0~60 cm soil nutrient change in the range of 60~105 cm within the soil,the nutrient change is not significant.(3)From the arable layer,variation of total nitrogen content was TFC>TF>TC>TSF>TSC>TS>T0;variation of available phosphorus content was TSF>TF>TS>TFC>TC>TSC>T0,and the variation of soil available potassium content was TSF>TF>TS>TFC>TSC>TC>T0,content of organic matter was TF>TFC>TSF>TSC>TC> TS>T0.It could be concluded that the organic fertilizer and fly ash with the use and cultivation measures could significantly improve the new cultivated land soil nutrient status.Although the fertilization and improvement of the soil in the 3 growing seasons were available,the nutrient status of 0~60 cm soil layer could be improved to a certain extent,reflecting the role of crop root system in the spatial allocation and promotion of soil nutrients.