基于遥感和GIS的西宁市生态用地演变分析

Analysis of Ecological Land Use Change Based on the Remote Sensing and GIS in Xining City

生态用地是社会经济可持续发展和生态文明建设的载体,随着我国城镇化的快速发展和城镇规模日益扩大,城镇生态用地数量急剧减少,生态服务功能严重退化等生态问题日益凸显。本文以西宁市2000、2010和2015年三期的Landsat TM影像数据为基础,在GIS、ENVI等技术支持下,进行图像及数据处理,运用遥感地学分析法、GIS空间分析法,从土地利用动态度、土地利用变化转移矩阵等方面对生态用地的现状、时空变化过程进行具体分析。结果表明:近15年研究区的生态用地总面积持续减少,建设用地面积增长较快;生态用地中耕地和林地的变化最显著。该研究以期为合理规划和保护西宁市生态用地提供参考,并为完善高原城市生态用地演变及驱动力的研究贡献绵薄之力。

Ecological land is the carrier for the social economic sustainable development and ecological civilization construction.With the rapid development of urbanization and the expanding scale of cities and towns in China,the ecological problems such as ecological land use quality in cities and towns is dropping dramatically and the ecosystem service functions is degenerating seriously.This paper based on the Landsat TM image data of the three-year(2000,2010 and 2015)of Xining City and supported by GIS and ENVI technologies to process image and date,used remote sensing geoscience analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method and combined the land use dynamic degree,the transfer matrix of land use change to analysis specifically the status and spatial-temporal variations of ecological land use.The results showed that the total area of ecological land in the study area continued to decrease in the past 15 years,and construction land increased rapidly;the change of the cultivated land and the woodland were most significant in ecological land.The study in order to provide reference for planning and protecting reasonably the ecological land in Xining.