三生用地区域差异分析及优化措施——以陕西省关中地区为例

Regional difference analysis and optimization measures of Ecological-Living-Productive Land Use——Taking Guanzhong area as an example

本文以2009~2016年土地利用现状和社会经济数据为基础,重分类得到三生空间用地,采用相关分析、回归分析与数学计算相结合的方法,分析关中各市生产、生活、生态用地现状、变化、效率的特征及差异,发现用地中存在的问题,提出了相应的优化建议。结果表明,用地结构上,生产用地渭南最大,生活用地西安最大,生态用地宝鸡最大,结构基本稳定;各市生活用地均增大,生态用地均减少,生活用地增速和生产用地减速西安最快,生态用地减速渭南最快;去除经济、人口影响,最根本的问题在于生活空间过度扩张(宝鸡最严重),其次是生态空间减少(渭南最严重),再次是生产空间减少(西安最严重)。建议根据各市的突出问题采取差别化的用地政策,生产用地严重减少的地区加强耕地保护,生活用地扩张严重的地区加强存量建设用地利用,生态用地缩减严重的地区加强生态保护。

The study reclassifies ecological-living-productive land use in Guanzhong area on the basis of land use status and social-economic data from 2009~2016.By using the method of correlation analysis,regression analysis and mathematical calculation,the characteristics and differences of current production,living and ecological land use,change and efficiency are analyzed in Guanzhong,and the problems in the land use are found and the corresponding optimization suggestions are put forward.The results shows that:land use structures are basically stable,in which Weinan has the largest productive land,Xi’an has the largest living land and Baoji has the largest ecological land.In the past 7 years,There were increases of living land in each city and reduction of ecological land.Fastest growth in living land and decrease in productive land appeared in Xi’an,and fastest decrease in ecological land appeared in Weinan,which is caused by overexpansion of living space(the worst in Baoji),decrease of ecological land(the worst in Weinan)and decrease of productive land(the worst in Xi’an)except for impact of economy and population.It is suggested that different land use policies are adopted according totheir respective problems.For example,the cities which suffered from expansion of living land should improve land use of reserved productive land and whose ecological land reduced severely should strengthens environmental protection polities.