炭化温度对秸秆制备生物质炭基本理化性质和养分影响研究

Effect of carbonization temperature on basic physical and chemical properties and nutrients of biochar prepared from straw

为了研究制备条件对制成的生物质炭产率和养分特性的影响,本文选用小麦、玉米、水稻三种不同作物的秸秆作为制备生物质炭的原材料,在马弗炉内经不同温度(300℃-C1、400℃-C2、500℃-C3、600℃-C4、700℃-C5)高温炭化形成生物质炭,分析在不同温度下形成生物质炭的pH、电导率、生物质炭产率和养分特性,包括水溶性钾、全氮、有机质等。结果表明,5种不同处理下,三种作物秸秆生物质炭的pH均为碱性,pH、电导率随着炭化温度的升高呈现先增大后减少的趋势。三种作物秸秆生物质炭产率均随炭化温度的升高逐渐减小,且小麦秸秆生物质炭产率受炭化温度影响较大;炭化温度较高时,玉米秸秆的生物质炭产率显著高于另外两种作物。三种作物秸秆生物质炭的水溶性钾含量随着炭化温度的升高呈现先增大后减少的趋势,在500℃～600℃之间水溶性钾含量最高;有机质含量随炭化温度的升高显著增加,而全氮含量随炭化温度的升高逐渐减小。

In order to study the effect of different preparation conditions on the yield and nutrient characteristics of the biochar produced,straws from three different crops of wheat,corn and rice were selected as raw materials for the preparation of biomass charcoal.Biomass charcoal is formed through cabornization under different temperatures in the muffle furnace(300 ℃-C1,400℃-C2,500 ℃-C3,600 ℃-C4,700 ℃-C5).The study analyses the pH,conductivity,biomass carbon production of biochar at different temperatures Rate and nutrient characteristics of biochar formed under different temperatures,including water-soluble potassium,total nitrogen,organic matter,etc.The results showed that under the five different treatments,the pH values of the three kinds of crop straw biomass carbon were all alkaline,and the pH and conductivity of thethree crop straws first increased and then decreased with the increase of the carbonization temperature.The biomass char yields of the three crop straws gradually decreased with the increase of carbonization temperature,and the biomass carbon yield of wheat straw was greatly affected by the carbonization temperature;when the carbonization temperature was high,the biomass carbon yield of corn straw was significant and obviously higher than the other two crops.The water-soluble potassium content of the three kinds of crop straw biomass carbon first increased and then decreased with the increase of carbonization temperature.The highest content of water-soluble potassium was between 500 ℃ and 600 ℃;the content of organic matter increased with the carbonization temperature.Significantly increased,and the total nitrogen content gradually decreased as the carbonization temperature increased.