陕西西北部土地整理对盐渍化土壤养分和酶活性的影响

Effects of consolidation on soil nutrients and enzyme activities of salinity soil in northwest Shaanxi province

为了研究陕西省西北部盐碱土的改良效果,本文以定边县土地整治项目为研究背景,选择原耕地、未整治盐碱地和整治年限分别为0年、2年和4年的新增耕地为采样点,采用统计分析方法对比研究不同采样点的土壤理化性质以及酶活性。通过土地整理后,盐渍化土壤有机质含量提高8.08%,全氮含量提高12.5%,速效磷含量提高101.92%,速效钾含量提高21.28%;有机质、全氮以及速效钾与恢复年限达极显著正相关,整治后四种土壤酶活性均大于未整治盐碱土,除了过氧化氢酶以外,浅层土中其他三种土壤酶活性要远大于深层土,说明土地整理提高土壤肥力和浅层土壤的酶活性。总体来看,陕西省西北部的土地整理工程可以有效改善土壤盐碱度,提高土壤肥力。

In order to study land consolidation effect on improving salinity soil in northwest Shaanxi province,this paper took the land consolidation project in Dingbian county as study area,selected the original cultivated land,saline-alkali land and newly-added cultivated land after 0-year,2-year,4-year remediation respectively as plots,adopted the methods of classical statistical analysis to compare the differences of soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities of different plots.The results showed that the organic matter content of salinized soil increased by 8.08%,the total nitrogen content increased by 12.5%,the available phosphorus content increased by 101.92%,and the available potassium content increased by 21.28%.Organic matter,total nitrogen and available potassium were significantly positively correlated with recovery years.After remediation,all of soil enzyme activities were higher than those of the untreated saline-alkali soil.Except for catalase,other soil enzyme activities in shallow soil were much more active than that in deep soil.It was concluded that land consolidation improved soil fertility and enzyme activity in shallow soil.All in all,the land consolidation project in northwest Shaanxi province could improve salinity and soil fertility effectively.