基于GIS的乌伦古河流域绿洲土地利用动态变化分析

Analysis of land use dynamic change in oasis area of Wulungu river basin based on GIS

为了探明干旱区绿洲土地利用结构变化规律以及归因,以乌伦古河流域为研究区,以Landsat遥感分类数据、水文气象数据、社会经济数据为主要数据源,通过对2002年和2017年遥感影像解译结果分析,获取了15年来乌伦古河流域绿洲的土地利用变化数据,利用土地动态度、贡献率、转移矩阵等动态变化模型,对研究区土地利用变化以及驱动因素进行了深入分析。结果表明:15年来,乌伦古河流域土地利用呈现多样化和复杂化的特点,其中耕地增加显著,主要由未利用地和草地转化而来。林地、建设用地以及水域呈小幅增加趋势,而草地、未利用地面积有所缩减,这与城镇化建设的过程是一致的。影响研究区土地变化的主要驱动因素有自然和人文两方面。其中,人口的迅速增长以及宏观政策调控对土地利用格局变化影响较大。

Using the Landsat remote sensing data,hydrometeorological data,and socio-economic data as the main data sources,this paper did research in the Wulungu river basin in order to find out the land use change rule and the reason in arid oasis area.The land use change data of Wulungu river basin in oasis area in the past 15 years were obtained through analyzing the interpretation results of remote sensing images in 2002 and 2017.Then dynamic change models of land attitude,contribution rate and transfer matrix were used to find out land use change and its driving factors.The results showed that:In 15 years,The land use of Wulungu river basin was diversified and complicated.Arable land increased significantly,which were mainly conversed from unused land and grassland.Forest land,construction land and water area grew slowly and grassland,unused land shrunk,which was consistent with the process of urbanization.The main driving factors of land change in the study area are nature and human two aspects,in which the rapid growth of population and macro-policy regulation have a great impact on the change of land use.