汞矿区土壤重金属污染及生态风险研究

Research on the pollution distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in roadside soil of mercury mine

矿山开采引起的重金属污染已成为全球性问题,其在土壤中的累积状况及存在的生态风险更值得关注。以陕西省典型汞矿区为研究重点,采集矿区道路两侧表层与浅层土壤样品,分析了8种重金属污染空间分布及潜在的生态风险。结果表明,随着距离采矿企业距离的增加,道路侧土壤重金属整体呈降低趋势,且重金属Hg污染最为普遍、污染程度最重,基本覆盖整个研究路段。受Hg污染重、潜在生态风险指数高影响,研究路段土壤重金属潜在生态风险由较强—强,且距离采样企业较近路段的重金属潜在生态风险极强。

Heavy metal pollution in mining has become a global problem,and its accumulation in soil and the potential ecological risks are more worthy of attention.Taking a typical mercury mining area in Shaanxi province as the research object,this paper collected the surface layer and shallow soil on both sides of the mining road.The spatial distribution of eight heavy metal pollutions and potential ecological risks were analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of distance from mining enterprises,the overall heavy metals in the roadside soil showed a decreasing trend.Moreover,Hg pollution was the most common and the pollution level was the heaviest,covering the entire research section.Because of the high potential ecological risk index of Hg,the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the study section was strong,and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals near the sampling section was extremely strong.