武汉市社会组织参与艾滋病防治现状及效果

Current situation and effect of community-based organizations participating in AIDS prevention and treatment in Wuhan

目的了解武汉市社会组织(CBO)参与艾滋病防治工作现状和效果,为进一步推进CBO建设与发展,不断提高艾滋病防治工作能力和质量提供参考。方法采用定性与定量相结合的调查方法,对参与武汉市艾滋病防治工作的6个社会组织进行问卷调查和访谈收集数据,同时收集同期相关专业机构相关数据并进行统计学分析。结果 6个社会组织中,经民政部门注册的3个;均有固定场所;负责人均为全职,工作人员以志愿者为主(82.28%);参与艾滋病防治服务范围与内容较全面;面临资金短缺、人员不稳定、工作能力和质量不高等突出问题和相关需求。2016—2017年本市通过社会组织进行艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测31 467例,检出阳性357例,检出率1.13%,高于相关专业机构阳性检出率0.73%(χ~2=48.361,P<0.001)。结论社会组织在艾滋病防治尤其是在高危人群干预、检测方面具有明显优势和效果,但参与艾滋病防治现状尚未得到根本性改善,资金来源是面临的最大问题和需求。建议多途径加大对社会组织资金支持,进一步提升社会组织参与艾滋病防治能力和可持续性。

Objective To understand the status and effect of community-based organizations(CBOs)participating in AIDS prevention and control in Wuhan,and to provide reference for promotion of CBOs′construction and development and for improvement of their capacity and quality of AIDS prevention and control.Methods A questionnaire survey and interviews were conducted to collect data from 6 CBOs involved in AIDS prevention and control for the qualitative and quantitative analysis.Results Three of the six CBOs were registered in the civil affairs department,and had fixed office space,with a full-time person in charge and most of the staff were volunteers(82.28%).They could provide comprehensive services related to AIDS prevention and care,though being short of fund,migrant in personnel,and some incompetent.During 2016-2017,CBOs provided HIV testing to 31 467 people,with357(1.13%)cases of HIV positive diagnosed,higher than 0.73%of detection rate of the related professional institutions(χ~2=48.361,P<0.001).Conclusion CBOs have obvious advantages in AIDS prevention and control,especially in intervention of high-risk groups.However,the situation of financial support is hard to change.It is strongly suggested that CBOs should get more financial support from various channels,to further build their capacity and make their participation in AIDS prevention and treatment sustainable.