长江下游地区小麦品种产量稳定性的初步探讨

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON YIELD STABILITY OF WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE LOWER YANGTSE VALLEY

用 Eberhart—Russell 的模式和方法分析了长江下游地区1981～1982年区域试验中6个小麦品种的稳产性。3次重复的随机区组设计的试验在11个地点进行。结果表明各参试品种的两种产量稳定性参数值都有相当大的差异,反映了各品种在本地区有不同的稳产性和适应性。产量与两种稳定性参数之间并没有相关性。有的品种表现了高产、稳产和适应性广。在本地区,每穗粒数和粒重的稳定性对品种的稳产性影响较大。通过研究认为这种分析方法应该可以作为研究品种的稳产性和适应性的有价值的手段,利用区域试验的数据进行这样分析的结果会有助于对参试品种作出较全面的评价,以便加以合理的推广利用。

Six varieties of wheat and eleven sites in the Lower Yangtse Yalleywere included in this study.These varieties were grown in a three-replica-te,randomized block layout at each site during the 1981-1983 cropseason.For the regression analysis,the model of Eberhart and Russellwas used.The results of this study showed that these varieties differed conside-rably in values of both two stability parameters,responding to their yield sta-bility and adaptability in this regional test.Simple correlation coefficientsbetween mean yields and stability parameters for comparing varieties werenonsignificant,and one of these varieties was found to be high yielding,stable and widely adapted.Evidence was presented to show that thestability for yield components appeared to have direct influence on yieldstability,and the stability for grains per spike and kernel weight showedgreater effect on yield stability of wheat in this region.This method of analysis should be a valuable tool for breeders to use instudying varietal performence and stability over a range of environments.The results of this method of analysis on the data from uniform re-gional test could be used as an additional criterion to evaluate comprehen-sively new varieties for recommenendation.