微丝的基本性质与细胞核肌动蛋白

Basic Properties of Actin Filaments and Nuclear Actin

微丝,作为细胞骨架的重要成员,普遍存在于所有的真核细胞中。构成微丝的肌动蛋白,与肌球蛋白一起作用,使细胞产生和传导机械力,并促进细胞运动。尽管人们很早就已经认识到体细胞核中存在单体肌动蛋白,但细胞核中聚合的微丝如何动态调控及行使何种功能,仍存在争议。该文概述了微丝细胞骨架的基本性质和成核过程,并讨论细胞核内肌动蛋白的功能。

Microfilaments are seen in almost all the eukaryotic cells.Actin,the building block of the microfilaments,generates and transduces cellular forces and promotes cell motility when working in concert with the motor protein myosin.Although it has been noticed long ago that actin monomers existed in the nucleus,the role and dynamics of the polymerized actin filaments have been under debate.Here,we review the general properties and the nucleation process of the microfilaments.We also discuss recent advances in nuclear actin.