限制籼糯品种高产的内在因素分析

Analysis of inner factors for limiting high yield of indica glutinous rice

为了阐明超高产籼糯育种滞后原因,以超高产籼稻满仓515为对照,对鄂荆糯6号、闽岩糯、越糯3号3个国家审定的常规高产籼糯品种的生物学特性、干物质积累与转运、产量及其构成进行了比较研究。结果表明,虽然3个常规高产籼糯品种的穗数比满仓515多28.3％～56.3％.但总颖花数和库容量分别比满仓515少7.7％～20.6％和14.8％～30.4％,最终产量水平比满仓515低15.4％～22.1％。说明,常规高产籼糯每穗粒数少和生物产量低是其产量比高产籼稻低的主要原因。

Three ordinary high yield indica glutinous rice varieties-Ejingnuo 6, Minyannuo and Yuenuo 3 which have been examined by nation were studied on their biological characters, dry matter accumulation and translocation, yield and its components to explain the breeding lagging reason of super high yield indica glutinous rice, use super high yield indica rice Mancang 515 as control. The results showed that the ear grain number of these three ordinary high yield indica glutinous rice varieties increased by 28.3%-56.3% than that of CK, but the number of whole flowering glumes and the storage capacity decreased by 7. 7% -20. 6% and 14. 8% - 30. 4% than those of CK, the final yield level was also lower 15. 4% - 22. 1% than that of Mancang 515. The results indicated that fewer grain number per ear and low biological yield are main reasons of lower yield of the ordinary indica glutinous rice variety comparied with super high yield indica rice.