安徽省五河县医疗设施配置评价研究——响应民众诉求,推进实质性的“均等化”

Study on Configuration Evaluation of Medical Facilities in Wuhe County, An Hui Province: Respond to the Demands of Public, Promote Substantive “Equalization”

针对传统的县域医疗设施配置评价一般只考虑"千人指标"及"服务半径"等问题,本文尝试提出更全面和贴近实际的公共服务设施配置评价方法。首先对目前主流的四种可达性模型适用领域、所需数据及限制条件做介绍;然后基于县域医疗设施相关信息、人口分布数据、道路网络格局等资料,使用四种可达性模型对县域范围的医疗设施配置状况做客观评价;再后结合居民问卷、访谈等主观资料对前述评价做校核。本文研究发现:(1)县域医疗设施供给区际差异较明显;(2)路网布局对于医疗设施配置起到关键作用;(3)医疗设施供给的空间规模及可达性存在着向高收入地区集聚的特征;(4)基层医疗建设环节薄弱。最后就如何响应全县民众的实际诉求、实现医疗设施配置的实质性均等化做探讨。

In view of the traditional evaluation of county medical facilities allocation, the "thousand indicators" and "service radius" are only considered, we attempts to put forward a more comprehensive and practical evaluation method of public service facilities allocation. First of all, the current four main accessibility models are applied to relevant fields, data requirements and constraints; Then, based on the information about county medical facilities, population distribution data and road network structure, four accessibility models are used to objectively evaluate the allocation of medical facilities in the county area; Next, the residents' questionnaires, interviews and other subjective data are used to check the aforementioned evaluation. We found that:(1)The regional difference of supply of medical facilities in county is obvious;(2)Network layout plays a key role in the allocation of medical facilities;(3)The space, scale and accessibility of medical facilities supply have the characteristics of gathering in high-income areas;(4)Primary medical construction is weak. Finally, discuss how to respond to the actual demands of the county public, and realize the substantial equalization of medical facilities allocation.