近5年电针预处理及电针治疗脑缺血大鼠的机制研究进展

Development of research on mechanisms of electroacupuncture intervention underlying improvement of cerebral ischemia rats in recent five years

对近5年电针干预大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)大鼠机制研究的相关文献进行总结分析。发现电针干预MCAO大鼠主要从电针预处理和电针治疗两方面进行研究,电针预处理主要通过减轻兴奋性氨基酸毒性、调控缺血半暗带细胞凋亡相关基因和蛋白的表达、抑制炎性级联反应、调控小胶质细胞的活化等调控脑缺血再灌注损伤;电针治疗主要通过促进血管生成、增加血氧供应、促进神经干细胞再生增殖与分化、抑制炎性级联反应、促进神经营养因子的分泌等调控脑缺血再灌注损伤。其涉及的机制复杂多样,并不能明确具体单一因素的作用,电针作用机制可能是多种因素的叠加效应。

In the present paper,we summarized the relevant research literature on the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture(EA)intervention in improving cerebral ischemia(CI)in middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model rats in recent5 years from preconditioning and regular intervention.Outcomes showed that both EA preconditioning and regular intervention could relieve CI by reducing toxicity of excitatory amino acids(glutamate,aspartate)and TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cascade reaction to relieve inflammatory injury.Moreover,EA preconditioning also could suppress the expression of pro-apoptosis genes and proteins to relieve apoptosis,regulate activation of microglia,and down-regulate the expression of blood brain barrier integrity-related matrix metalloprotein 9.Regular EA intervention also could promote angiogenesis to increase supply of blood and oxygen,facilitate regeneration,proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells via triggering activation of Notch and Shh signaling pathways,and promote the secretion of neurotrophin by up-regulating the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor/Trk A receptor,and promote expression of axon growth and synaptic remodeling-related factor(Ephrin B2/Eph B2)and sr-GTPase activating protein 1 and cell division cycle 42(Cdc42,axon growth and orientated down-stream molecules).However,up to now,the conclusion is still fragmentary and one-sided,and can not explain the specific mechanism of electroacupuncture in MCAO rats,needing further in-depth study.