邵阳市孕妇孕前体重指数与孕期体重增长对妊娠结局影响的调查

Survey of maternal pre pregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain influence on pregnancy outcomes in Shaoyang city

目的:分析湖南省邵阳市孕妇孕前体重指数与孕期体重增长对妊娠结局的影响,为有效指导,优化妊娠结局提供参考。方法:2010年6月-2012年6月收治孕妇2000例,对其孕前体重、孕期体重的增加情况以及孕妇的分娩情况进行调查,剔除调查资料不全孕妇148例,对其中的1852例进行汇总分析。结果:被调查的1852例孕妇中,肥胖组孕妇妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、妊高症(PIH)、胎儿呼吸窘迫综合征、巨大儿的发病率与其他组相比差异有统计学意义;正常体重组产后出血明显低于其他3组(χ2=24.245,P<0.05);低体重组低体重儿发病率最高,与其他3组相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=38.967,P<0.05)。孕期增重△BMI≥6组孕妇妊娠期糖尿病、妊高症、巨大儿发病率最高;而在△BMI<4组孕妇低体重儿的发病率最高;△BMI≥6组孕妇和BMI<4组孕妇产后出血、胎儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发病率均明显高于△BMI4~6组孕妇;结论:孕前体重指数过高或过低及孕期体重增幅过高或过低均可对孕妇和胎儿产生不利的影响。

Objective:Analysis of maternal pre pregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain influence on pregnancy outcomes in Shaoyang city,Hunan Province,for the effective guidance,reference to optimize the outcome of pregnancy.Methods:To admit 2000 cases of pregnant women from June 2010 to June 2012,investigate the pre pregnancy weight,pregnancy weight gain and delivery of pregnant women,eliminate 148 cases of pregnant women with data insufficiency,1852 cases of which were analyzed.Results:1852 cases of pregnant women were investigated.The incidence rate of obese pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH),fetal respiratory distress syndrome syndrome and macrosomia were compared with other groups,the difference was statistically significant.Normal weight group was significantly lower than the other three groups of postpartum hemorrhage(χ2=24.245,P<0.05);The low birth weight infants morbidity rate of low body weight was the highest, compared with the other three groups had significant difference(χ2=38.967,P<0.05).In weight gain during pregnancy △BMI≥ 6 pregnant women group,the incidence rate of gestational diabetes,pregnancy induced hypertension and macrosomia were the highest.And in the pathogenesis of △BMI<4 pregnant women group,the incidence rate of low birth weight infants was the highest. △BMI≥6 groups of pregnant women and △BMI<4 groups of pregnant women,postpartum hemorrhage and fetal respiratory distress syndrome incidence were significantly higher than that of △ BMI 4~6 groups of pregnant women.Conclusion: Prepregnancy BMI is too high or too low and pregnancy weight gain is too high or too low can have adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses.