摘要
目的:喘息是婴幼儿呼吸系统疾病的常见症状之一。针对不同病因的喘息给予更适当的呼吸道护理,可以取得更好疗效。方法:收治不同病因喘息婴幼儿310例,利用统计学方法观察不同呼吸道护理方法对毛细支气管炎、支气管哮喘及心力衰竭的疗效。结果:浓盐水雾化对毛细支气管炎疗效优于万托林+普米克令舒;万托林+普米克令舒对哮喘有效,浓盐水雾化可加重喘息发作,浓盐水雾化对心衰患儿效果较好。结论:毛细支气管炎的护理重点为加强呼吸道管理、保持呼吸道通畅,及时纠正缺氧;哮喘为雾化吸入支气管扩张剂、肾上腺皮质激素治疗,并静脉应用肾上腺皮质激素,以减轻气道慢性炎症;心力衰竭病儿护理原则是强心、利尿、减轻心脏负荷,同时尽量祛除病因。
Objective:Asthma is one of the common symptoms of respiratory disease in infants.It can achieve better curative effect if the infants with asthma received appropriate respiratory care according to different causes.Methods:310 infants with asthma by different reasons wrer selected.We used statistical methods to observe the curative effects of different respiratory tract nursing methods on treatment of capillary bronchitis,bronchial asthma and heart failure.Results:The effect of concentrated salt water spray was better than ventolin combined with pulmicort in bronchiolitis treatment,ventolin combined with pulmicort was effective for asthma,concentrated salt water spray can aggravate the asthma but it had a good effect in children with heart failure.Conclusion:The key points in nursing of bronchiolitis are strengthen the management of respiratory tract,maintain airway patency,and correction of hypoxia timely;For asthma the key points of nursing are inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroidsto,intravenous application of adrenal cortical hormone,in order to alleviate the airway inflammation;The nursing principle of infant heart failure are enhanced cardiac,diuresis,reduce the load on the heart,and try to dispel pathogeny at the same time.
