经颅多普勒超声对于脑血管疾病诊治的研究进展

Research progress of transcranial doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease

经颅多普勒超声(Transcranial Doppler,TCD)当前在成人和儿童中的应用包括:蛛网膜下腔出血、颅内、颅外动脉狭窄和阻塞、脑干死亡、颅脑损伤、脑内压升高测量、术中监测和血管舒缩功能受损、脑血管栓塞等。结合波形形态、基于流速读数的指数Cosling搏动指数(Gosling’s pulsatility index,PI)和Lindegaard比率(Lindegaard ratio,LR)可以对增加的脑血管阻力、血管痉挛和高动力血流状态进行测量,上述临床疾病都是以上3项为特征。文章将着重讨论TCD在以下几种疾病中的应用包括:急性脑卒中、脑干死亡、创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、颅内压(Intracranial pressure,ICP)升高等。

Transcranial doppler ultrasound(TCD) in the current application of adult and children include:subarachnoid hemorrhage,encephalic,extracranial artery stenosis and occlusion,brainstem death,brain injury,brain pressure measurement,intraoperative monitoring and vasomotor function damage,cerebral embolism,et al.The increasing of cerebral vascular resistance,vasospasm and high power flow state were measured by combining wave form and on the basis of Gosling's pulsatility index(PI)and Lindegaard ratio(LR).The above clinical disease were characterized by the above three items.This article will mainly discuss the application of TCD in the following several diseases include: acute stroke,brainstem death,traumatic brain injury(TBI),high intracranialpressure(ICP).