超声诊断在产科的临床应用

The application of ultrasonic diagnosis in obstetric clinical

目的:比较探讨二维(2D)与四维(4D)超声在产科临床诊断中的应用价值。方法:2013年3月-2014年3月收治超声检查的孕产妇2 948例,分别采用2D与4D超声进行检查,比较两种检查方法对胎儿畸形的检出率。结果:2D组检出唇腭裂25例,92.6%(25/27);神经系统畸形13例,81.3%(13/16);四肢畸形9例,56.3%(9/16);心脏异常9例,60.0%(9/15);腹裂8例,80%(8/10);胸、腹水7例,87.5%(7/8);淋巴囊肿6例,75%(6/8)。4D组检出唇腭裂26例,96.3%(26/27);神经系统畸形16例,100%(16/16);四肢畸形14例,87.5%(14/16);心脏异常14例,93.3%(14/15);腹裂10例,100%(10/10);胸、腹水8例,100%(8/8);淋巴囊肿8例,100%(8/8)。其中4D组四肢畸形和心脏异常的检出率明显高于2D组,比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与2D超声相比,4D超声对胎儿畸形的诊断率更高,具有较高的临床应用价值,可加以推广。

Objective:To explore the application value of two-dimension(2D) ultrasound comparing with four-dimension(4D)ultrasound in the obstetric clinical diagnosis.Methods:2 948 pregnant women with ultrasonic examination were selected from March 2013 to March 2014.We make examinations respectively with 2D and 4D ultrasound to compare the detection rate of fetal abnormalities of two inspection methods.Results:In 2D group,25 cases were cheilopalatognathus,92.6%(25/27);13 cases were nervous system malformations,81.3%(13/16);9 cases were limb deformities,56.3%(9/16);9 cases were heart abnormity,60.0%(9/15);8 cases were gastroschisis,80%(8/10);7 cases were hydrothorax and ascites,87.5%(7/8);6 cases were lymphocyst,75%(6/8).In4 D group,26 cases were cheilopalatognathus,96.3%(26/27);16 cases were nervous system malformations,100%(16/16);14 cases were limb deformities,87.5%(14/16);14 cases were heart abnormity,93.3%(14/15);10 cases were gastroschisis,100%(10/10);8cases were hydrothorax and ascites,100%(8/8);8 cases were lymphocyst,100%(8/8).The detection rate of limb deformities and heart abnormity from 4D were apparently higher than 2D.The difference has statistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion:Compared with 2D ultrasound,4D ultrasound has higher diagnostic rate to fetal malformation and higher clinical value.It can be generalized.