输血前患者19560例不规则抗体检测及鉴定结果分析

Irregular antibody detection and identification results analysis of 19 560 patients before transfusion

目的:探讨红细胞血型不规则抗体筛查在临床输血中的应用。方法:采用微柱凝胶法对19 560例拟行输血治疗的患者进行不规则抗体检测和鉴定。结果:在19 560例患者中,不规则抗体阳性108例,阳性率0.55%,其中男21例(0.27%),女87例(0.74%),不同性别阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);既往有妊娠或输血史阳性率显著高于无妊娠或输血史患者(P<0.05);不规则抗体阳性患者中,Rh血型系统47例,MNS血型系统5例,Lewis血型系统7例,冷抗体10例,自身抗体18例,药物抗体3例。结论:输血前对患者进行不规则抗体筛查和鉴定对确保输血安全及减少溶血性输血不良反应具有重要意义。

Objective:To explore the application of RBC blood group irregular antibody screening in clinical blood transfusion.Methods:Using microcolum gel test given irregular antibody detection and identification for 19 560 patients with transfusion therapy.Results:In 19 560 patients,108 cases of irregular antibody was positive,and the positive rate was 0.55%,among which 21cases(0.27%) were male and 87 cases(0.74%) were female;the difference between the positive rates of different genders was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rates of a history of pregnancy or blood transfusion were significantly higher than those of non pregnancy or blood transfusion patients(P<0.05).In the irregular antibody positive patients,47 cases were Rh blood group system;5 cases were MNS blood group system;7 cases were Lewis blood group system;10 cases were cold antibody;18 cases were autoantibody;3 cases were drug antibody.Conclusion:The irregular antibody screening and evaluation of patients before transfusion has great significance to ensure the blood transfusion safety and reduce hemolytic transfusion adverse reaction.