糖尿病患者胰岛素注射规范现况调查

Inventory survey of insulin injection specification in patients with diabetes

目的:对糖尿病患者胰岛素注射技术掌握情况进行调查,了解胰岛素注射技术规范的现况。方法:使用自行设计的胰岛素注射规范现况调查表,对2014年4-7月自我注射胰岛素的糖尿病住院患者进行面对面调查,统计关于胰岛素注射前是否洗手、注射前是否核对剂型和剂量、能否正确安装笔芯、使用预混胰岛素前是否充分混匀、针头是否重复使用、注射前是否对部位进行检查和消毒等注射技术方面的知晓率,并分析原因。结果:参与调查对象102例,完全胰岛素规范操作6例(5.9%),不完全规范操作96例(94.1%)。96例不完全规范操作患者中,对注射胰岛素前洗手操作规范的知晓率43.8%,对每次注射胰岛素前更换针头操作规范的知晓率35.4%;对正确安装笔芯、注射前核对剂型和剂量、使用预混胰岛素前需要充分混匀、注射前检查注射部位及消毒、进针时需要捏皮、注射完毕后需停留10 s、注射完毕后盖上外针帽等操作规范的知晓率分别是85.4%、83.3%、72.9%、85.4%、70.8%、85.4%、56.3%。结论:胰岛素注射技术的不规范操作现象普遍存在,应该开展合理有效的宣教,提高糖尿病患者对胰岛素注射规范的认知水平,使患者掌握规范的胰岛素注射技术,提高胰岛素的降糖效果。

Objective:To investigate the situation of patients with diabetes mastering insulin injection technology and understand the current situation of insulin injection technical specification.Methods:The patients with diabetes insulin injections from April to July in 2014 got face-to-face survey through self-designed status questionnaire of insulin injections specification and got statistics in aspects of awareness including about washing hands or not before insulin injections,checking dosage form and dosage or not before injection,installing cartridge correctly or not,fully blending premixed insulin or not before use,inspecting the needle or not before reuse,checking and disinfecting the injection site or not before injection,analyzing the reasons.Results:There were 102 cases in the survey.6 cases operated completely according to insulin specification(5.9% );96 cases operated incompletely according to insulin specification(94.1%).Among 96 cases of patients with incomplete specification operation,the witting rate of washing hands before insulin specification was 43.8%;the witting rate of inspecting the needle before reuse was 35.4%;the witting rates of installing cartridge correctly,checking the dosage form and dosage,fully blending premixed insulin before use,checking and disinfecting the injection site before injection,needing to knead skin when the needles were inserted,the needles needing to stay for 10 seconds after the injection,the needle caps needing on cover after injection were 85.4%,83.3%,72.9%,83.3%,70.8%, 85.4%,56.3% respectively.Conclusion:The non-standard insulin injection phenomenon exists generally and the reasonable and effective propaganda and education should be carried out to improve the standard insulin injections cognitive level of patients with diabetes,which can help the patients master the specification technology of insulin injection and improve the hypoglycemic effect of insulin.