输血前不规则抗体筛查和鉴定的临床意义

Discussion of the clinical significance of irregular antibody screening and evaluation before transfusion

目的:鉴定有妊娠史或输血史的患者血浆中的不规则抗体,避免或降低输血反应中溶血现象的发生。方法:使用coombs Ig G微柱凝胶卡筛查和鉴定1 145例有妊娠史或输血史患者的血液标本中的不规则抗体,将不规则抗体标本中的阳性标本交叉配血。结果:26例患者不规则抗体阳性,阳性率2.28%。其中抗-D 4例,抗-E 3例,抗-C 1例,抗-A12例,抗-M 3例,抗-EC 2例,抗-Cc 2例,抗-JKa1例,抗-JKb2例,抗-FYa1例,抗-Lea2例,非特异性抗体3例。结论:筛查不规则抗体可有效避免或减少输血反应中溶血现象的发生,确保安全的进行输血,特别对有妊娠史或输血史的患者具有极其重要的意义。

Objective:To identify the irregular antibody in the blood plasma of patients with pregnancy history or blood transfusion history,to avoid or reduce hemolysis reaction in blood transfusion.Methods:Using coombs IgG microtube column agglutinatior screened and identified the irregular antibody in the blood plasma of patients with pregnancy history or blood transfusion history. The positive samples in the irregular antibody samples were given cross matching.Results:The irregular antibodies of 26 patients were positive,and the positive rate was 2.28%.Among 4 cases were anti-D,3 cases were anti-E;1 case was anti-C;2 cases were anti-A1;3 cases were anti-M;2 cases were anti-EC;2 cases were anti-Cc;1 case was anti-JKa;2 cases were anti-JKb;1 case was anti-FYa;2 cases were anti-Lea;3 cases were non-specific antibody.Conclusion:Irregular antibodies screening can effectively avoid or reduce the occurrence of hemolysis phenomenon in transfusion reaction,and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.It has the extremely vital significance especially for the patients with pregnancy history or blood transfusion history.