慢性阻塞性肺病防治的几个关键阶段探讨

Discussion on several key stages of prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的:近年来,慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的临床发病率呈逐年递增趋势,该病以咳嗽、咳痰、气短、喘息为主要临床表现,严重影响患者的日常生活质量。现代临床上一般将COPD分为急性发作期和缓解康复期两大阶段,急性发作期患者的咳嗽、咳痰、喘息等症状明显加重,需对症予以止咳、祛痰、抗感染药物治疗,辅以机械通气治疗;缓解期则需予以口腔护理、饮食指导、心理护理、健康指导等持续护理干预。

In recent years,the clinical incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is increasing year by year. The main performance are the cough,expectoration,shortness of breath,wheezing and so on.It seriously affects the patient's daily life.On modern clinical,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is divided into the acute phase,remission stage of rehabilitation.In the acute stage,cough,expectoration,gasp of patients are aggravating,and they need to be given the antitussive,expectorant,anti infection treatment,combined with mechanical ventilation;in the remission stage,patients need to be given oral care,diet instruction,psychological nursing,health guidance and other continuous nursing intervention.