下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with lower respiratory tract infections

目的:了解下呼吸道感染患者的常见病原菌分布及其耐药性变化。方法:采用VITEK 2-compact全自动细菌分析仪进行菌种鉴定、药敏分析和耐药机制检测。结果:从下呼吸道感染成人患者的7317份痰标本分离出病原菌2 415株,药物敏感试验提示所分离到的病原菌绝大多数呈现多重耐药,特别是对临床上最常使用的头孢三代和氟喹诺酮类抗生素有较高的耐药率。结论:下呼吸道感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主,其耐药问题相当严重,临床应重视病原学检查,合理使用抗生素,以有效预防和控制感染。

Objective:To study the common pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance change in patients with lower respiratory tract infections.Methods:We made strain identification,drug sensitivity analysis and drug resistance mechanism by VITEK2-compact automatic analyzer.Results:We isolated 2415 pathogenic bacteria from 7317 sputum samples of adult patients with lower respiratory tract infection,the drug sensitivity test showed that the majority of the isolated pathogens were multi-resistant,especially for a higher resistance rates of third generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone antibiotics that most commonly used in clinic.Conclusion:The main infection of paitents with lower respiratory tract is gram-negative bacillus,and the drug resistance is very serious,we should pay more attention to the rational use of antibiotics based on the pathogen test,to prevent and control the infection effectively.