含氧燃料对柴油机供油系统的腐蚀性研究

Study on Corrosiveness of Oxygen-Containing Fuel to Fuel Supply System of Diesel Engine

醇、酯是柴油机的优质替代燃料,但对燃油供给系统具有一定的腐蚀性。试验采用甲醇、乙醇、生物柴油配制不同比例的混合燃料,研究了柴油机含氧替代燃料对燃油供给系统中金属、橡胶、塑料腐蚀的影响,分析了金属、橡胶、塑料在腐蚀前后的质量变化、腐蚀程度以及溶液颜色的变化规律。结果表明,铝合金耐醇/酯混合燃料的腐蚀性较好,最大腐蚀速度为0.076 g/(m^2·h),最小腐蚀速度为0.019 g/(m^2·h),质量变化不大;甲/乙醇和生物柴油的混合燃料对塑料腐蚀性较强,质量改变程度达到10.2%;醇燃料对丁腈橡胶的腐蚀性较弱,质量变化最小为1.4%,生物柴油对丁腈橡胶腐蚀性较强,质量变化为10.9%。醇和生物柴油的混合燃料对丁腈橡胶的腐蚀性最大,浸泡28天后,橡胶质量变化最大,达到15.9%。

Alcohol and ester are high quality alternative fuels for diesel engines,but they have certain corrosiveness to fuel supply system.Methanol,ethanol and biodiesel were used to prepare mixed fuels with different blending ratios,the effects of oxygen-containing alternative fuels on metal,rubber and plastic corrosion in fuel supply system were studied,and the quality change,corrosion degree and color variation of metal,rubber and plastic before and after corrosion were analyzed.The results show that compared with rubber and polyethylene,the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy alcohol/ester mixed fuel is better,the maximum corrosion speed is 0.076 g/(m^2·h),the minimum corrosion speed is 0.019 g/(m^2·h),there is little change in quality;methanol,ethanol and biodiesel are more corrosive to plastics,especially in the mixture of alcohol and biodiesel,the degree of quality change is greater than that of biodiesel,up to 10.2%,alcohol fuel on nitrile rubber corrosion is weaker,the quality change is minimum 1.4%,biodiesel on nitrile rubber corrosive,the quality change is 10.9%.The mixture of alcohols and biodiesel is the most corrosive to nitrile rubber,and after 28 days of soaking,the quality of rubber changes the most,reaching 15.9%.