国家治理现代化背景下的保险法理论新范式——以保险人作为私人监管者为中心的考察

A New Paradigm of Insurance Law Theory under the Background of National Governance Modernization:Focusing on the Insurer as a Private Regulator

本文提出以及论证的命题'保险人可以作为支持和补充政府治理/监管风险的私人监管者'与国内目前主流的保险法研究范式——合同和监管两个维度——有较大的不同。本文意图藉此探索保险法理论的新范式,以回应国家治理现代化对于保险法理论研究带来的重大挑战。风险保障专业化、损害赔偿社会化和治理手段市场化的性质使保险成为构建公权与私权合作治理的机制。保险人以'治理'(govern/regulate)的方式支持、补充甚至替代政府对被保险人行为和风险的行政管制。'看不见的手'(商业保险)与'看的见的手'(政府)相互配合与支撑,在满足约束条件的情况下,政府应向保险人下放风险管理职能,从而实现国家治理现代化和社会福利最大化。

The proposition'The insurer can be a private regulator to support and supplement government’s risk regulation/governance'is quite different from the current mainstream insurance law research paradigm—contract and supervision.This paper intends to explore a new paradigm of insurance law theory in response to the major challenges brought by the modernization of state governance to the theoretical study of insurance law.The specialization of risk coverage,the socialization of damage compensation and the market-oriented nature of governance mean that insurance has become a mechanism for building cooperative governance between public and private sectors.The insurer supports,supplements,and even replaces the government’s administrative controls on the behavior and risks of the insured in a'govern/regulate'manner.The'invisible hand'(commercial insurance)and the'visible hand'(government)could cooperate with each other.Under certain conditions,the government should delegate the risk management function to the insurer,thus realizing the modernization of state governance,and maximum of social welfare.