一种小分子油溶性降黏剂的合成及降黏性能评价

Synthesis of a small molecular oil-soluble viscosity reducer and evaluation of its viscosity reduction ability

利用环氧氯丙烷、邻苯二酚、硬脂酰氯反应得到一种小分子油溶性降黏剂,通过单因素法对降黏剂的合成条件进行优化,得到最优反应条件为:单体n(环氧氯丙烷)∶n(邻苯二酚)∶n(硬脂酰氯)=4∶4∶2、主链反应温度为100℃、反应时间为8 h、接枝反应温度为100℃、反应时间为10 h、促进剂Na OH质量分数为1. 4%。降黏剂质量分数为500μg/g时测得降黏剂的降黏率为52. 36%。通过紫外分光光度计及激光粒度仪分析了降黏剂对沥青质和胶质溶液的作用效果,结果表明,降黏剂能减小沥青质和胶质在溶液中的粒径,增大沥青质和胶质在溶液中分散性。屈服应力测试结果表明,降黏剂有效地提高了稠油的流动性能,降低了稠油的黏度。

A small molecule oil-soluble viscosity reducer is obtained by the reaction between epichlorohydrin,catechol and stearyl chloride,and the corresponding synthetic conditions are optimized by means of single factor method.The optimum reaction conditions are obtained as follows:n(epichlorohydrin)∶n(catechol)∶n(stearyl chloride)=4∶4∶2,main chain reaction temperature is set at 100℃,main chain reaction lasts for 8 h,grafting reaction temperature remains at100℃,grafting reaction lasts for 10 h and the dosage of NaOH is 1.4%.The viscosity reduction rate reaches 52.36%when the dosage of the viscosity reducer is 500 ppm.Effects of viscosity reducer on asphaltene and colloid solutions are analyzed by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and laser particle size analyzer.The test results show that the viscosity reducer can reduce the particle sizes of asphaltene and colloid in solutions,and increase their dispersion there.The yield stress test results show that the viscosity reducer can effectively improve the flow performance of heavy oil and reduce its viscosity.