牙源性间充质干细胞促进牙周组织再生的可能性与前景

Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote periodontal tissue regeneration: possibility and prospects

背景:近年来,牙源性间充质干细胞在牙周炎模型牙周组织再生中取得了突破性进展,被认为是牙周组织再生的种子细胞,也是目前牙周组织重建的研究热点。目的:综述牙源性间充质干细胞在牙周组织再生中的研究进展,并提出牙源性间充质干细胞促进牙周组织再生的潜在机制。方法:以"牙周炎、牙源性间充质干细胞、牙周组织再生、多向分化能力、增殖、自我更新、迁移、归巢、免疫调节、衰老、牙周组织修复"为中文检索词;以"periodontitis,odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells/dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells,periodontal tissue regeneration,multidirectional differentiation,proliferation and self-renewal,migration and homing,immune regulation,aging,repair of periodontal tissue"为英文检索词,检索CNKI与PubMed数据库1995至2018年间相关文献,纳入61篇文献进行综述,分析牙源性间充质干细胞的相关特性、修复牙周组织的潜在机制及研究进展。结果与结论:在牙周炎动物模型及细胞模型中植入牙源性间充质干细胞,可形成牙周组织。牙源性间充质干细胞是重建牙周组织的一种新型治疗方法,但目前在牙周组织再生中的应用仍处于初期阶段,还面临干细胞增殖、分化、迁移和归巢、衰老以及新生物与体内功能相适应等挑战。

BACKGROUND: In recent years, dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells have made breakthroughs in the periodontal tissue regeneration of a periodontitis model, and they are the seed cells of periodontal tissue regeneration, which is also the hotspot study of periodontal tissue reconstruction OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the use of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells in periodontal tissue regeneration, and to propose the potential mechanism by which dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote periodontal tissue regeneration.METHODS: The related literatures addressing dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells and periodontal tissue regeneration published from 1995 to 2018 were retrieved in the databases of CNKI and PubMed. The keywords were 'periodontitis, odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells/dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal tissue regeneration, multidirectional differentiation, proliferation, self-renewal,migration, homing, immune regulation, aging, repair of periodontal tissue' in Chinese and English, respectively. Sixty-one articles were finally reviewed to analyze the characteristics and potential mechanisms of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells for periodontal repair.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells that are implanted into an animal model of periodontitis or a cell model can differentiate into periodontal tissue. Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells are a new treatment method for the reconstruction of periodontal tissue. However, its application in periodontal tissue regeneration is still in its infancy, and several challenges, such as stem cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and homing, aging and adaptation of new organisms to the function of the body, need to be overcome.