通假异形词的演变趋势及部分通假字异形词的流行

The Developmental Trend of Forms of Words with Tongjiazi(通假字) and Popularity about Some of the Forms of Words with Tongjiazi

通假异形词占异形词总数的 1 1 0强。虽然为数不多 ,但它作为现代汉语异形词的一种类型 ,探讨它的发展演变规律及其成因对异形词的规范是有指导意义的。通假异形词的发展总趋势为本字词形越来越通用 ,通假词形越来越萎缩。但也应该看到部分通假词形在书面语中广受青睐 ,有着强劲的发展势头 ,不容替代。这部分通假词形之所以有如此强劲的发展势头 ,是有语言本身及深刻的社会文化根源的。这部分通假异形词的规范应区别对待。约定俗成是异形词整理与规范的最基本的原则。

Tongjia word form constitutes more than 10% of the total word form. Although the percentage is not much, it is a form of modern Chinese yixingci(异形词). It is directive to inquire into its developmental trend and cause of formation for standardizing word form. The general developmental trend of tongjia word form is that the original word form is becoming more and more popular and tongjiazi word form is more and more shrinking. But we should see that some of tongjia word forms are widely used in written language. It has powerful developmental momentum and cannot be replaced, because of the language itself and its profound social cultural origin. The norm of these tongjia word forms should be treated differently. Established by usage is the fundamental principle of yixingci's arrangement and standardization.