面孔加工的认知神经科学研究:回顾与展望

The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Face Processing: A Review

面孔加工的认知神经科学研究中的核心问题是,是否存在功能和神经机制上独立的面孔加工模块以及面孔加工系统的组织形式。使用电生理、脑成像以及对脑损伤病人进行神经心理学检查等手段,研究者已经找到选择性地对面孔反应的脑区,即梭状回面孔区(FFA)。文章从面孔加工系统的特异性与多成分性以及面孔识别模型等方面,系统回顾了该领域的主要研究成果。文章最后还简单展望了今后的研究方向。

Is there a face-specific processing module which is cognitively and/or neurally dissociable with the module of object processing? And how is face processing system organized? Both of these questions are the core issues in the current cognitive neuroscience of face processing. With evidence from both neuropsychology and neuroimaging studies using ERPs, PET or fMRI, researchers had found a face-specific brain area, which was named fusiform face area (FFA). In this paper, we first review some critical studies investigating both the specificity and the multiple components of face processing. We then evaluate the popular cognitive and neural models of face recognition and speculate on the direction of future studies.