论我国球粘土

On ballclay in China

中国球粘土主要产于第四纪,分布于广西的南宁—北海地区、广东的清远—斗门地区、福建的漳州—晋江等地区、第三纪分布于吉林舒兰—永吉地区、黑龙江的黄花矿区等.此外,云南、四川、江西、湖南、山西、河北等省的部分地区也有.其总储量有可能超过英国,仅少于美国.中国球粘土主要由无序高岭石组成,常为内胶体形成的自生六角片状高岭石,粒度很细,一般<1～2μm,可塑性很好,且常含少量伊利石或I/M间层粘土矿物及有机质,还会增加其可塑性、粘结性及干燥强度.其结晶学性质及工艺性能与高岭土或耐火粘土有很大不同,应成为独立矿种,与国际接轨.

Ball clay mineral resources occur in the Quaternary strata, such as Nanning-Beihai area in Guangxi, Qingyuan-Doumen area in Guangdong and Zhangzhou-Jinjiang area in Fujian and so on, and in the Tertiary strata,such as Shulan-Yongji area in Jilin, Huanghua area in Heilongjiang, and so on. In addition, ball clay has been found in Yunnan, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Shanxi, Hebei provinces. The total reserves may be more than that of England, but less than that of the United States. The ball clay in China is mainly composed of disordered kaolinite. The kaolinite is very fine autogenic hexagonal flake, generally in less than 1～2 μm sizes with high plasticity. The ball clay contains a little illite and I/M interlayers of clay and organic material with very high plasticity, bonding capacity and dry strength. The ball clay is quite varied in crystallogenic characteristics and process performance from kaolinite and refractory clay. Therefore, ball clay in China should be identified as an independent ore deposit type according to the international standard.