航站楼高大空间自然排烟研究

Analysis on static smoke extraction in high ceiling airport terminal

针对某机场航站楼高大空间存在的防火分区过大、安全疏散距离过长以及防排烟系统按现行规范计算数值超大等问题,采用消防工程学方法分析论证其自然排烟系统。通过FDS验证该公共空间的自然排烟系统的可靠有效性。考虑了受外界高温环境影响火灾烟气产生热障效应、自然排烟窗失效等不利情况对大空间自然排烟效果的影响。模拟结果显示,航站楼大空间高侧窗开启高度为27~41 m可有效防止烟气无法顺利排出室外的情况发生。

Against the problems of the large space of an airport terminal building, including the fire compartment being too large, the evacuation distance being too long and the smoke control system calculated number being too big according to the current standard,fire engineering analysis method was used to study the natural space exhaust system. The reliability of the static smoke extraction system in the public space was verified by FDS. The smoke thermal barrier effect caused by the high temperature outside and failure of the static vents were also considered. The performance analysis showed that natural vents located at the height of 27~41 m can effectively exhaust the smoke.