我国环境公益诉讼中的原告适格问题:困境与出路

The New Development on the Standing Criteria in China's Environmental Public Interest Litigation System——Plights and Outlets

环境公益诉讼制度是环境立法和司法实践的一项重要内容,而构建环境公益诉讼的核心在于适格原告的界定及其范围。我国环境公益诉讼的模式选择和对原告主体资格标准的界定应当及时回应当下环境保护立法的局限性和司法实践中面临的困境,并充分考量、借鉴和汲取环境公益诉讼的域外经验。扩大环境治理和环境执法中的民主参与范围,充分发挥环保团体在环境公益诉讼,特别是环境行政公益诉讼中的作用和优势地位,无疑是破解我国环境公益诉讼制度现实困境的一项关键的制度出路。

The construction of the environmental public interest litigations is an essential part in environmental lawmaking as well as judicial practice. Meanwhile, the standing criteria have been regarded as the core of the environmental public interest litigation system. In recognizing the existing legislative limitations as well as practical challenges in face of the environmental protection and environmental governance in China, it is important, indeed necessary, to draw from local as well as foreign experience, exploring the environmental public interest litigation model and standing criteria that work best for China. To this end, widening public participation in the environmental governance and environmental law enforcement, especially bringing environmental NGOs into full play and sublimation in terms of public interest litigations, should serve as the key in search of a sustainable development of the environmental public interest litigation system in China.