澳门居民基本权利和自由的保障书——对澳门基本法有关澳门居民基本权利和自由规范的法理解读

The Guarantee for the Basic Rights and Freedoms of Macao Residents——the Nomological Analysis of the Basic Rights and Freedoms of Macao Residents in the Basic Law of Macao

澳门基本法有关澳门居民基本权利和自由的规定,具有权利主体多样、立法科学有力、权利内容广泛的总体特点。具体而言,在权利主体上,澳门基本法围绕一国前提和两制差异作出特色安排,有利于"一国两制"宪法精神的贯彻落实。在立法技术上,澳门基本法广泛吸取"八二宪法"和香港基本法的立法经验,与时俱进、因地制宜,对澳门居民权利与自由作出科学有力的宪制保障。在权利内容上,澳门基本法不仅体现出鲜明的权利增量特色,并根据平等权、政治自由、人身自由、信仰自由、经济社会文化权利等权利类型的不同分别作出独特的法律考量。回归二十年以来,澳门基本法有关居民基本权利和自由的规定,很好地回应了国家主权意志、特殊区域情况的多元需求,极大地保障了澳门居民基本权利和自由,为澳门实现长期繁荣稳定奠定了坚实的基础。

The provisions of the basic law of Macao concerning the basic rights and freedoms of Macao residents are generally characterized by diverse subjects of rights,strong legislation and extensive content of rights.In terms of the subject of rights,the basic law of Macao makes special arrangements based on the premise of one country and differences between two systems,which is conducive to the implementation of the spirit of 'one country,two systems'.In terms of legislative techniques,the basic law of Macao extensively absorbs the legislative experience of the 1982 constitution and the basic law of Hong Kong,keeps pace with the times and adapts to local conditions,and makes a scientific and effective constitutional guarantee for the basic rights and freedoms of Macao residents.In terms of the content of rights,Macao basic law not only reflects the distinct characteristics of incremental rights,but also makes unique legal considerations according to the different types of rights,such as equality rights,political freedoms,personal freedoms,freedom of belief,economic,social and cultural rights.Since the return of Macao to the motherland two decades ago,the basic law of Macao has provided a good response to the multiple needs of the will of state sovereignty and the special regional situation.It has greatly guaranteed the basic rights and freedoms of Macao residents and laid a solid foundation for Macao’s long-term prosperity and stability.