论宪法作为党内法规和国家法律的基础规范

Constitution as Basic Norm of Party Rules and National Laws

在坚持依宪治国背景下,作为社会主义法治体系组成部分的党内法规体系和国家法律体系是何种关系尚不清晰。既有的理论探讨,诸如"不成文宪法说""双轨宪制说"等功能主义描述和规范主义的检讨,都并未直接或者完整处理两者的关系。作为组织共同体规则的宪法,实际是党内法规和国家法律的共同基础规范。证立此命题,可从逻辑、规范和制度三个面向展开。从宪法产生的逻辑来看,宪法是共同体整体意志的表达,作为党的意志表达的党内法规需要人民意志的承认;从宪法规范内容来看,宪法承认了坚持党的领导,党内法规也承认党的活动要在宪法和法律范围内进行这一基本原则;从制度实践来看,党的组织和国家机构存在一个分工结构,既不是以党代政,也不是绝对的党政分开,而是正在逐渐形成一种党政融合模式。为真正发挥宪法作为基础规范的作用,可以通过不断改革探索,进一步完善党的组织法规、国家机构组织法和宪法规范,并建立统一的合宪性审查机制,保证党内法规和国家法律能够在宪法秩序之下发挥各自的功能。

In the background of state governance,the relationship between intraparty rules which is an important part of system of the socialist rule of law and state laws is hazy.Many standpoints in hand like 'theory of unwritten constitution' 'theory of double track constitution' have not completely handled it.The constitution whose function is construction of state by rules is the basic norm of intraparty rules and state laws,which can be demonstrated by logic,norms and institutions.In the logic of constitution,it is the expression of community ’s whole will and intraparty rules is that of party’s will that need to be recognized by the former.In the content of constitution norms,insisting on leadership of Chinese Communist Party is a paramount principle.The behaviors of CCP must conform to constitution and law.In the view of institution practice,the organizations of CCP and state are endowed with different functions,which is not replacement of state by CCP as well as absolute separation of each other.They are going to fusion pattern.In order to realization of the basic norm function of constitution,we need the perfection of rules about organizations of CCP and state as well as constitutional text and the establishment of unified constitutional review institution in the process of reform,facilitating the respective functions of intraparty rules and state laws.