淀粉接枝共聚高吸水性树脂的研究进展

Advances of high water-absorbent starch graft copolymers

分别以化学引发法和辐射引发法阐述了淀粉接枝高吸水树脂的研究进展和生产情况。介绍了化学引发接枝聚合淀粉接枝丙烯腈类树脂、淀粉接枝丙烯酸类树脂、淀粉接枝多元单体类树脂、复合型淀粉接枝脂类树脂的研究现状,对化学引发的主要影响因素进行了评述。讨论了辐射引发淀粉接枝高吸水树脂中所应用的微波辐射引发、紫外光辐射引发和γ射线辐射引发的技术优势和应用现状。指出今后淀粉类高吸水性树脂的研究应该向多元接枝共聚、制备复合型树脂和抗盐性树脂、微波固相合成、简单工艺、高效引发剂和加强理论基础研究方向发展。

The research progress and production of high water-absorbent starch graft copolymers were elaborated by means of two preparation methods, i. e. chemical initiation and radiation initiation. The research status quo was introduced for the high water-absorbent resins of starch grafting acrylonitrile, starch grafting acrylic acid and starch grafting multi-monomers and complex type starch graft copolymers that were made by way of chemical initiation, and major factors were reviewed including starch density,monomer density, initiator, cross-linker and neutralization degree. The advantage and the application of the technique were discussed for high water-absorbent starch graft copolymers that were made by way of radiation initiation including microwave radiation initiate, ultraviolet light radiation initiate and 7 ray initiate. Some new trends in their development such as multi-monomers grafting on starch, preparation of complex and anti-salt supper-absorbent resins, microwave solid synthesis, simple process,efficient initiator and reinforcing basic theory study were pointed out.