^7Li离子束诱变紫松果菊的生物效应研究初报

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF 7Li ION BEAMS ON Echinacea purpurea

对紫松果菊的风干种子进行不同剂量的7Li离子束注入和γ射线照射处理 ,结果表明 ,与γ射线照射相比 ,7Li离子束注入处理具有损伤效应轻的特点。二者虽然在一定剂量范围都能够促进种子萌发 ,但对种子成苗的影响依诱变源和剂量不同而有所不同。7Li 1 0 9ions cm2 处理对幼苗形成有明显促进作用 ,随着7Li离子束剂量升高 ,幼苗生长受到一定程度的抑制 ,真叶的生长发育迟缓 ,成苗率明显下降。γ射线处理的种子成苗受到显著抑制 ,处理剂量越高 ,成苗率越低 ;当剂量高于 1 5 0Gy时 ,一般不能萌发真叶而导致幼苗死亡。在7Li离子束处理的M1代植株中出现花期、花径、花色、瓣形或瓣数的变异类型 ,变异主要发生在 1 0 11ions cm2 和 1 0 12ions cm2 两个剂量处理中 ,总体变异频率在 1 67%～ 6 67%之间。

Air-dried seeds of Echinacea purpurea were used to study the seed germination, seedling formation, survival germination and flower characters after implantation of 7Li ion beams and irradiation of 60Co γ-rays with different doses. Initial results showed that the damage effect of 7Li ion beams was lighter than that of γ-rays. Although both 7Li ion beams and γ-rays could stimulate the seed germination within a certain range of doses, the seedling formation and survival germination responded differently to these two mutagens. The seedling formation was obviously promoted by 7Li ion beam treatment at the dose of 109 ions/cm2. With the increase of the dose of 7Li ion beams, the growth and development of euphylla progressed slower and the survival germination decreased obviously. The formation of seedlings from irradiated seeds by γ-rays was inhibited significantly. The higher the dose of γ-rays was, the lower the survival germination would be. When the dose of γ-rays was higher than 150 Gy, the euphylla of seedlings failed to come out and no germination survived. Among the plants in M 1 generation of 7Li ion beam treatments, variations in flowering date, flower diameter, flower color, petal shape or petal number were selected. The variations occurred mainly in the 7Li ion beam treatments at doses of 10 11 ions/cm2 and 10 12 ions/cm2. The total frequency of variation was between 1.67% and 6.67%.