我国自贸区发展中反洗钱监管的挑战与思考

Challenges and Reflections on Anti-money Laundering Supervision in the Process of the Development of Free Trade Zone in China

我国自贸区通过实施放松管制、税收优惠等政策措施,将进一步便利国际贸易和投资,提高对外开放水平,更好地实现区域经济一体化。然而,频繁流动的跨境资金以及相对宽松的监管环境必然对自贸区及整个国家的反洗钱工作带来挑战。犯罪分子通过多种方式利用自贸区洗钱或进行恐怖融资,严重冲击国家金融秩序甚至危及社会稳定。我国应当进一步落实反洗钱金融行动特别工作组(FATF)新《四十项建议》,同时借鉴一些国家针对自贸区洗钱的监管经验,进一步建立与国际标准接轨的多层次的监管法律体系,健全自贸区反洗钱组织体系,按照风险为本的方法促进自贸区金融机构全面履行反洗钱义务。

Free trade zone in China would further facilitate international trade and investment, improve the level of opening to the outside world and further achieve regional economic integration through the implementation of deregulation, tax incentives and other policy measures. However, the frequent flow of cross-border funds and relatively relaxed regulatory environment are bound to the task of anti-money laundering in free trade zone, even in the whole country. Criminals are engaged in money laundering or terrorist financing through a variety of ways in free trade zone, which have a serious impact on the national financial order and even endanger social stability. China should further implement the 'Forty Recommendations' of the Financial Action Task Force(FATF) on Money Laundering and learn regulatory experience from some countries. China should further establish a multi-level regulatory legal system in line with international standards, establish anti-money laundering organizational system and promote financial institutions of free trade zone to fully implement anti-money laundering obligations in accordance with the risk-based approach.