父母因素对儿童青少年视屏时间的影响及其性别差异

Parental influences on screen time among children and adolescents and associated gender disparity

目的分析父母因素对儿童青少年视屏时间的影响并探讨是否存在性别差异,为制定儿童青少年视屏时间过长干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,在北京市房山区城市中学、城市小学、乡村中学、乡村小学各抽取4所学校,对抽中学校的学生及家长各2183人进行一般人口学特征及视屏时间问卷调查。分析父母因素对学生视屏时间过长的影响及性别差异。结果中小学生视屏时间过长报告率为10.4%,男生(11.9%)高于女生(8.9%)。父亲一周中高等强度体力活动总时间>180 min、工作日和一周日均视屏时间>120 min,其孩子视屏时间过长的风险分别是参照组的0.64,1.88和1.91倍。母亲工作日、休息日及一周日均视屏时间>120 min,其孩子视屏时间过长的风险分别是参照组的1.87,1.52和1.76倍,父亲工作日及一周日均视屏时间对男生和女生均有影响,母亲工作日、休息日及一周日均视屏时间对女生的影响较为明显。结论父母日常视屏时间对子女的视屏时间有较强的影响,在制定儿童青少年视屏行为防控措施时应考虑父母视屏行为的影响。

Objective To analyze the effect of parental correlates on screen time among children and adolescents and to explore possible gender disparity,and to provide the reference for taking measures to control and prevent the phenomenon.Methods By stratified cluster sampling,4 schools were selected from each of the urban middle school,urban primary school,rural middle school and rural primary school in Fangshan district,Beijing city.Students and parents in the selected school were recruited and investigated on general demographic characteristics and screen time.The effect of parental correlates on screen time and associated gender disparity were analyzed.Results The prevalence of high screen time among children and adolescents was 10.4%,with boys’(11.9%)higher than girls’(8.9%).Students whose father spent more than 180 min in moderate and vigorous physical activity weekly were at lower risk for high screen time(OR=0.64).Students whose father spent more than 120 min screen time during weekday or on average were at higher risk for high screen time(OR=1.88,1.91).Students whose mother spent more than 120 min screen during weekday,during weekend or on average were at higher risk for high screen time compared with control group(OR=1.87,1.52,1.76).Father’s screen time during weekday or on average showed impact on screen time of their daughters and sons.Mother’s screen time only showed impacts on their daughters.Conclusion A strong effect of parental daily screen time on children’s screen time has been observed.Parental practice and roles should be considered to tailor interventions for healthy screen time among children and adolescents.