营养知识获取模式对大学生食物搭配的影响

Effect of the acquisition pattern for nutritional knowledge on food collocation among students

目的了解营养知识获取模式对大学生食物搭配的影响,为指导大学生获取正确营养知识和建立良好的食物搭配行为提供参考。方法随机整群抽取江苏省2所高校1 697名学生,以匿名问卷调查的形式了解营养知识来源、食物搭配相关知识知晓情况、食物搭配时实际考虑的问题及食物搭配行为,采用因子分析法归纳营养知识的获取模式,分析各模式对大学生食物搭配知信行的影响。结果大学生营养知识获取模式主要为网络媒体、书本网络、同伴、父母家庭及自身体会5种。学生自书本网络模式获取知识的合格率较高(71.8%),搭配食物时考虑食物营养特点(95.0%)、能做到按颜色搭配(58.1%)和粮豆搭配的比例(70.6%)高于同伴(分别为83.7%,48.4%,55.9%)、父母家庭(分别为85.9%,41.7%,49.0%)及自身体会模式(分别为53.3%,31.1%,37.8%)。营养知识来源于网络媒体模式的学生在搭配食物时考虑到食物营养特点的比例(92.2%)高于自身体会模式(53.3%)和同伴模式(83.7%),考虑食物颜色特点的比例(73.8%)也高于其他模式,但考虑经济的比例(87.7%)却高于其他模式;能做到米面搭配(67.5%)和按颜色搭配比例(70.8%)高于其他模式,能做到粮豆搭配的比例(72.3%)高于同伴(55.9%)、父母家庭(49.0%)及自身体会模式(37.8%),而按价格搭配的比例(83.4%)高于父母家庭模式(71.8%)。结论书本网络模式能较为理性地引导大学生进行合理的食物搭配。

Objective To learn the effect of the acquisition pattern of nutritional knowledge on food collocation among the university students,and to provide a reference for conducting college students to acquire right nutritional knowledge,establish a good diet habit,and improve their mental and physical health.Methods Totally 1697 students were selected from 2 universities in Jiangsu Province with the random clustering method after the informed consent.It was investigated with anonymous questionnaire for the source of nutritional knowledge,the knowledge about food collocation,the consideration during food collocation and the food collocation behavior.The sources of nutrition knowledge were then sorted into different patterns by factor analysis.The influence of each pattern on the food collocation was analyzed.Results The main patterns for nutritional knowledge of the students were netmedia,book-net,companion,family and private experience.The correct rate was higher in the students who gained knowledge from book-net pattern(71.8%)than that of the other patterns.The proportion was significantly higher for the consideration of nutrition(95.0%),the collocation between foods with different colors(58.1%)or between the cereals and soybeans(70.6%)in the book-net pattern than that in the companion(83.7%,48.4%,55.9%),family(85.9%,41.7%,49.0%)or private experience(53.3%,31.1%,37.8%)pattern,but the rate of food collocation according to price was relatively lower(76.0%).The proportion was significantly higher for consideration about nutrition(92.2%)during food collocation in the net-media pattern than that in the private experience(53.3%)or companion(83.7%)pattern,and the proportion was higher for the consideration of characteristics of food in various colors(73.8%)than that in the other patterns,too;however,the proportion of consideration for economy(87.7%)was also significantly higher,and the proportion was obviously higher in the net-media pattern for the collocation between grains and flours(67.5%),food with different colors(70.8%),while the proportion was significantly higher in the net-media pattern for the collocation between cereals and soybeans(72.3%)than that in the companion(55.9%),family(49.0%)or private experience(37.8%)patterns,but the proportion was also obviously higher in the net-media pattern for the collocation according to the price(83.4%)than that in the family pattern(71.8%).Conclusion The book-net pattern can rationally lead the students to make reasonable food collocation.