校园欺凌中不同角色与抑郁的相关性

Relationship between different roles in campus bullying and depression

目的探究青少年在校园欺凌中的不同角色与抑郁之间的关联,为预防青少年校园欺凌的发生及促进青少年心理健康提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,于2017年11—12月在上海市3所初中招募六至八年级全部学生1 649名,采用平板计算机进行匿名自填问卷调查,内容包括青少年的人口学特征、抑郁状况以及参与欺凌的情况等。结果 75.74%的学生涉及欺凌,其中旁观者456名(27.65%),受欺凌者559名(33.90%),欺凌者33名(2.00%),欺凌—受欺凌者201名(12.19%)。性别、是否为独生子女在不同欺凌角色分布比较中差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为36.89,9.59,P值均<0.05)。在抑郁分组中,低分组1022名,占61.98%;高分组有627名,占38.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,与未涉及欺凌者相比,涉及欺凌的4种角色人群均有更高的抑郁水平,以欺凌—受欺凌者(OR=4.77,95%CI=3.27～6.96)和受欺凌者(OR=3.66,95%CI=2.71～4.94)为甚。结论青少年在校园欺凌中的不同角色和抑郁水平之间存在关联,与未涉及者相比,欺凌者、受欺凌者、欺凌—受欺凌者和旁观者的抑郁水平均较高。

Objective To explore the relationship between different roles in campus bullying and depression among adolescents.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select adolescents in grade 6-8 from three middle schools of Shanghai during November and December of 2017.Adolescents were surveyed anonymously using computer assisted self-interview approach via the tablets.Information including demographic characteristics,depression,and bullying was collected.The chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regressions were performed to explore the relationship between bullying roles and depression.Results About 75.74%of the respondents were involved in bullying,including 456(27.65%)bystanders,559(33.90%)victims,33(2.00%)perpetrators,and 201(12.19%)perpetrator-victims.There were 1022(61.98%)respondents in the low depression group and 627(38.02%)in the high depression group.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the four sub-groups involved in bullying all had higher level of depression than those uninvolved,with the perpetrator-victims(OR=4.77,95%CI=3.27-6.96)and the victims(OR=3.66,95%CI=2.71-4.94)had more depressive symptoms.Conclusion Different roles in campus bullying associates with more depressive symptoms,including perpetrators,victims,perpetrator-victims,and the bystanders.