归因训练提高初中生自尊水平的实验研究

Experimental research on attribution training in junior high school students for improving their self-esteem levels

目的了解归因训练对提升自尊水平的作用。方法本研究采用实验研究的方法,对低自尊初中生进行前后测,及同对照组进行比较自尊水平及归因特点。结果低自尊初中生相较于高自尊组,有消极的归因方式。经过归因训练,低自尊初中生的自尊水平显著提高,在对学业失败归因时向积极归因方式转变。结论归因训练可以引导低自尊水平的学生进行积极归因,减少自我责备和无能感,提升自尊心。

Objective To evaluate the function of the attribution training in junior high school students for improving their self-esteem levels. Methods The junior high school students with low self-esteem levels were given the attribution training and the results were measured and compared before and after the training, and also compared with the control group. Results The junior high school students with low self-esteem levels had the negative attribution style as compared with the high self-esteem group. Through the attribution training, their self-esteem levels increased significantly,from the negative attribution style to the positive attribution style in the academic failure. Conclusion The attribution training can lead to the low self-esteem students from the negative attribution style to the positive attribution style, and reduce their self-accusation and impotence, and increase self-esteem.