陶渊明诗作的法文译介与梁宗岱对陶诗的接受

The Plain Spirit and the Realm of Symbolism——the Acceptance of Tao Yuanming' Poems by Liang Zongdai

梁宗岱第一个向欧洲文化中心法国译介了陶渊明的诗作。梁氏借助他的象征主义诗论,把陶诗平淡美的本质归于"精力弥满的极端"的论点为平淡之味找到了精神上的根源,这对于理解陶诗、陶渊明为人和平淡美的深厚意蕴都是一种创造性阐释。梁氏认为陶诗是最能体现出象征主义最高境界的优秀代表之一,其象征的境界物我契合、含蓄而无限,是经由审美的渠道,涵容着"理智"与"感觉"、"心灵与官能"的玄妙境界。梁宗岱的为人和精神也深受渊明影响,有陶潜遗风。梁宗岱的象征理论对于理解陶诗丰厚而有机的整体意蕴具有重要的启发意义。

Liang Zongdai first translated Tao Yuanming's poems to France, the European cultural center. With the help of his symbolism poetics, Liang thought the essence of Tao's poems are of plain beauty, "full of extremes", which is a kind of creative interpretation in understanding Tao's poetry and Tao Yuanming's peaceful, plain meanings. Liang believed that Tao's poetry is one of the excellent poems at the highest level that can most reflect symbolism. In its symbolic realm, things and the subject fit each other, and are implicit and infinite; Tao's poetry contains "reason" and "feeling" and "heart and senses", a mysterious realm, through aesthetic channels. Liang Zongdai was also deeply influenced by Tao Yuan Ming. Liang Zongdai's symbolic theory has important implications for understanding the rich and organic implications of Tao's poetry.