新型橡胶补强填料的应用研究进展

Advances in the Application Research of New Reinforcing Fillers for Rubber

介绍木质素、蒙脱土、碳纳米管和凹凸棒(粘)土4种新型橡胶补强填料的特性和应用研究进展。4种新型橡胶补强填料改性后在天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶等中的补强效应显著。木质素用于高压丁腈橡胶胶管内层胶和外层胶中的用量最大可达到100份。采用共沉法制备的蒙脱土/丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料可用于轮胎胎面胶,采用熔融插层法制备的蒙脱土/三元乙丙橡胶纳米复合材料可用于轮胎内胎胶和气密层胶。碳纳米管与炭黑具有协同效应,碳纳米管与炭黑并用体系在低滚动阻力轮胎胎面胶中有潜在应用价值。凹凸棒土在丁腈橡胶中的用量可达70份,凹凸棒土/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料在油田橡胶制品中应用前景广阔。指出开发新的改性方式、改进加工工艺是扩大这4种新型补强填料应用的研究重点。

This paper gives a review on the characteristics and application research progress of new reinforcing ifllers for rubber materials. The main types of new reinforcing ifllers are lignin, montmorillonite (MMT), carbon nanotube and attapulgite clay. In general, those ifllers after surface modiifcation provide good reinforcement on NR, SBR, BR, NBR, MVQ and EPDM. The addition level of lignin in the NBR for the inner and outer layer compounds of high pressure hose can reach 100 phr. The MMT/SBR nanocomposites prepared by latex co-coagulation method could be used in tire tread, and MMT/EPDM nanocomposites prepared by melt intercalation method are used in the tube compounds and inner liner compounds . Synergistic effect is found in joint use of carbon nanotube and carbon black, which shows application potential in the tread compounds for low rolling resistance tire. Attapulgite clay can be applied in NBR with addition level up to 70 phr and the resulted nanocomposites could ifnd various applications in oilifeld. To expand the applications of those new reinforcing ifllers, the research focus is the development of a new modiifcation method and improvement of processing technology of rubber composites.