微型细长轴类零件车削技术研究

Research on Turning Technology of Micro Slender Shaft Parts

细长轴类零件在车削过程中产生振动及变形是影响其加工质量的主要原因。通过对微型细长轴车削过程中零件变形、切削力的影响因素进行分析可以看出,在工件材料及毛坯尺寸一定的情况下,工件的悬伸长度对零件的变形影响最大,切削力次之。通过在加工过程中选择合适的切削参数,并在切削力选定的情况下采用分段切削的加工方式控制工件的悬伸长度,保证工件的变形在可接受的范围内,解决了微型细长轴车削变形的问题,并通过切削验证,证明了理论计算的分段长度的合理性,为类似零件的加工提供了参考依据。

Vibration and deformation of slender shaft parts during turning were the main problems which affecting machining quality.Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the parts deformation and cutting force in the turning process of micro slender axle,it can be concluded that the parts overhang length had the greatest influence on the part deformation when the parts material and blank size were fixed,cutting force followed closely.By choosing appropriate cutting parameters in the process of machining to reduce the cutting force,and using the sectional cutting method to control the parts overhang length,it was ensured that the parts deformation was within acceptable range,the problem of turning deformation of micro slender axle was solved.Finally,the rationality of theoretical calculation of segment length was proved by cutting verification,which provided a reference for similar parts processing.