乌鲁木齐地区成年支气管哮喘患者过敏原分析

Analysis of allergens in adult patients with bronchial asthma in Urumqi region

目的了解乌鲁木齐不同民族成年支气管哮喘患者过敏原分布特点,为指导过敏原回避及个体化治疗提供依据。方法采用浩欧博特异性Ig E抗体检测试剂盒检测乌鲁木齐地区成年支气管哮喘患者血清总Ig E抗体(TIgE)和过敏原特异性Ig E抗体(s Ig E),比较汉族、维族和其它民族过敏原分布上的差异。结果汉族、维族和其它民族TIgE(44.44%vs 40.74%vs48.00%,χ~2=0.468,P=0.791)和s Ig E(41.46%vs 39.71%vs 50.00%,χ~2=0.622,P=0.733)抗体阳性率均无显著差异;汉族过敏原主要为艾蒿29.27%、柳树14.63%、普通豚草12.20%和狗上皮9.76%,维族主要为屋尘螨17.65%、蟑螂13.24%、粉尘螨10.29%和艾蒿8.82%,汉族与维族均以吸入性过敏原为主,其阳性率无显著差异(39.02%vs 36.76%,χ~2=0.056,P=0.813);汉族与维族合并2种或以上过敏原的阳性率(21.95%vs 20.59%,χ~2=0.029,P=0.866)及过敏原等级为2级或以上的阳性率(24.39%vs20.59%,χ~2=0.215,P=0.643)亦均无显著差异。结论汉族、维族和其它民族TIgE和s Ig E抗体的阳性率无显著差异;汉族与维族过敏原均以吸入性为主,但在过敏原具体种类上不尽相同。

Objective To investigate the distribution of allergens in adult patients with bronchial asthma in Urumqi and provide information for allergen avoidance and individual treatment. Methods Adult patients with bronchial asthma were detected for serum total IgE(TIgE) and allergen specific IgE(sIgE) antibody in Urumqi, and the distribution of allergens was compared between Han, Uyghur and other nationalities. Results The positive rates were not statistically different for both TIgE(44.44% vs 40.74% vs 48.00%, χ~2 =0.468, P = 0.791) and sIgE antibody(41.46% vs 39.71% vs 50.00%, χ~2 = 0.622, P = 0.733). The allergens of Han mainly included mugwort(29.27%), willow(14.63%), common ragweed(12.20%) and dog epithelium(9.76%), and the allergens of Uyghur mainly included house dust mite(17.65%), cockroach(13.24%), dermatophagoides farinae(10.29%) and mugwort( 8.82%). The allergens of Han and Uyghur were mainly inhaled, and their positive rates were not statistically different(39.02% vs 36.76%, χ~2 = 0.056, P= 0.813).The positive rates were also not statistically different for both patients with 2 or more allergens(21.95% vs 20.59%, χ~2 = 0.029, P = 0.866)and patients with allergen level 2 or higher(24.39% vs 20.59%, χ~2 = 0.215, P = 0.643). Conclusions The positive rates were not statistically different for both TIgE and sIgE antibody. The allergens of Han and Uyghur were mainly inhaled, but allergens were not exactly the same.