浅谈朱熹的“理一分殊”

On Zhu Xi's "Li-Yi-Fen-Shu

理一分珠是对一般与特殊的关系这一人类思维中的基本问题的一种理解方式。从三个方面揭示了这种理解方式的特点:其一,从形式关系上把握一般与特殊;其二,从内容关系上把握一般与特殊;其三,从价值论上把握一般与特殊。文章特别指出,在价值论上,佛道联结一般与特殊的方式是“否定的统一”,而儒家联结二者的方式则是“肯定的统一”,承认“肯定的统一”是儒家对一般与特殊关系的理解方式的根本特点。

This text holds that 'Li - Yi - Fen - Shu' (There is but one Supreme Ultimate'-Li,which is received by the individual in its entirety) is one of comprehension methods belonging to the basic question of 'generalities' and 'particulars'. The article has also brought to light this kind of characteristic from three aspects : firstly, 'generalities' and 'particulars' are discussed from their relation in form;secondly, they are discussed from their relation in content; finally, they are discussed in the theory of values. It especially points out that in the theory of values, Buddhism and Taoism solve the question of 'generalities' and 'particulars' with the special method ' negative unity' while the Confucianism with the special method of 'Positive unity '. positive unity ' method is the Confucianism' essential characteristic of understanding 'generalities' and 'particulars'.