自动化情绪调节策略对特质焦虑大学生应激反应的影响

The Effect of Automatic Emotion Regulation Strategies on Stress Reaction of Trait Anxiety Undergraduates

研究采用句子整理任务启动自动化情绪调节策略,特里尔社会应激测试模拟应激过程,以探讨认知重评和表达抑制对不同特质焦虑大学生在应激状态下的影响。结果发现,自动化认知重评和表达抑制能获得适应性生理反应。自动化情绪调节策略适用于不同特质焦虑的个体。特质焦虑对个体应激反应的影响主要体现在情绪体验上,高特质焦虑个体更易体验到焦虑情绪。但个体在压力性任务中的生理反应和行为表现不受特质焦虑因素的影响。

A healthy population is the key mark of a prosperous nation and a strong country. With the growth of social and economic development, people’s living standards have been increasing, but the mental health problems have become the focus of public attention. Anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems in clinical practice today. Those who do not meet the criteria for clinical diagnosis but frequently suffer from anxiety are also worthy of attention. Trait anxiety refers to the tendency to assess internal stimuli or external events in a manner that causes anxiety. It is considered to be the susceptibility factor for individuals to experience more frequent, more intense anxiety and then pathological development. Previous studies have found that individuals with high trait anxiety have deficits in their ability to regulate their emotions. Automatic emotion regulation strategies help alleviate negative emotions that college students and anxious individuals experience from viewing images. However, there are few studies on the emotional response of adolescents with trait anxiety in anxiety situation. All of us in the Party should care about young people and set the stage for them to excel. Therefore, this study adapted Trier Social Stress Test, to investigate the effect of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression on the emotional stress of undergraduates with trait anxiety.This study utilized 3(expression suppression, cognitive reappraisal, no strategies) × 2(high trait anxiety, low trait anxiety) between-subjects design. First, 60 college students with high trait anxiety and low trait anxiety were investigated, and Sentence Unscrambling Task was used to induce different emotion regulation strategies. Afterwards, participants received an interview, finished time-limited public speaking tasks and matrix calculations Task, and finally made a 1-9 rating of anxiety experience during the task. Biofeedback and physiological coherence autonomous balance systems were used to collect their skin’s electrical level and their fingers’ vein changes during the interview.The results showed that there were significant differences in the rate of change of the skin’s electrical level and fingers’ veins with different emotion regulation strategies. The rate of change of the skin’s electrical level and fingers’ vein in cognitive reappraisal group was significantly higher than that in expression suppression and control group. There was no significant difference in the rate of change of skin’s electrical level and fingers’ pulse between high-trait and low-trait anxiety groups. Anxiety arousal in high-trait anxiety group was significantly higher than that in low-trait anxiety group. There was no significant difference in state-anxiety scores between different groups using different emotion regulation strategies.The above results show that different emotion regulation strategies have a significant effect on the emotional response of college students. Cognitive reappraisal strategies have the most obvious effects on emotion regulation. College students with different trait-anxiety tendencies using different emotion regulation strategies would achieve the same effect. This shows that the emotion regulation strategy is effective for the emotional regulation of individuals with different anxiety traits. In addition, trait anxiety may affect anxiety experience of college students. The results show that cognitive reappraisal strategy for emotion regulation effect is the most effective, and individuals with higher trait anxiety are more likely to experience stronger anxiety.